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ADB TA 3379-IND
Strengthening Disaster Mitigation and Management at the State Level in India
Introduction
Project Components
Principal Consultants on the TA
Recent Events on the project
Links
Introduction
ADPC, in association with the World Institute for Disaster Risk Management, Virginia, USA (DRM) and Centre for Development Studies (CDS), Nainital, India has been engaged by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) to undertake a Technical Assistance (TA) project for the states of Uttar Pradesh and Uttaranchal in India. In addition to the collaborating agencies of the Consortium, the ADPC team has institutional support from the Beca International Consultants Limited (BICL), New Zealand and the Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council (BMTPC), New Delhi, University of Roorkee and the Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India. The objective of this one-year TA is to support the strengthening of disaster mitigation and management capabilities at the state level in India. It is expected that many of the results will be transferable to other states in India.
The TA focuses on the two major hazards faced in the two states - geo-hazards and floods, with greater emphasis on earthquakes in the state of Uttaranchal and on Floods in the state of Uttar Pradesh. However the overall disaster management planning, response rehabilitation and preparedness/ mitigation framework will be organised around a multiple-hazard mitigation framework.
Project Components
Six distinct but inter-related components of the TA have been identified:
Component 1 - Planning and Policy Aspects
This component involves a review of Indian Central and State government policies, strategies and institutional mechanisms, an analysis of lessons learned in other states and planning for Disaster mitigation and management (DMM). It also involves conceptualization of a suitable organization structure and establishment of DMM Centers (DMMCs) and assistance to the responsible authorities in the formulation, implementation and monitoring of DMM Action Plans (DMMAPs) for the two states. Training needs assessment will be conducted so that training, awareness building, and community based disaster management and other activities may be initiated.
Component 2 - Uttaranchal (UA): earthquake focus
This component focuses on working in collaboration with the GoUA towards reducing earthquake vulnerability, using seismic hazard mapping, procedures and manuals as well as developing and strengthening of Disaster Management Information Systems (DMIS), network communications and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). This component also involves a review of engineering studies and various types of structural design to determine vulnerability of buildings, essential public service systems and structures and prepare risk scenarios for prevailing stone-masonry buildings for earthquake-resistant properties based on international experience, and an assessment of the applicability of prospective earthquake-resistant designs.
The consultants on the team will identify contextually appropriate building material and technology for earthquake rehabilitation effort; and prepare an action plan for retrofitting and
seismic strengthening of existing housing and infrastructure and prescribe suitable land use restrictions. They will also review the existing social, cultural and political structures of the communities to identify possibilities and limitations for ensuring community participation and help develop and strengthen community participatory processes in disaster management and public awareness programs.
This component will include publishing guidelines for earthquake safety and strengthening community-based preparedness through pilot Village Disaster Management Action Plans (VDMAPs) and Village Disaster Intervention Teams in rural areas and preparation of model Disaster Management Action Plans for urban areas, besides preparation of a blueprint for revitalizing three existing Building Centers in Chamoli and Pithoragarh Districts.
Component 3 - Uttar Pradesh (UP): flood focus
This component requires a review of the existing flood forecasting and warning systems, strategies, procedures, manuals, monitoring equipment and facilities, vulnerabilities, preparedness and damage assessment techniques, of GoUP and the selected Districts. Consultants will undertake an analysis of the magnitude and frequency of floods in the selected districts; prepare estimates of damage from floods of various frequencies to properties, economic activities and infrastructure, and prepare risk scenarios.
The consultants will assess the existing flood control and disaster mitigation plans and analyze the comprehensiveness of existing flood relief and rehabilitation management and make recommendations as necessary to enhance prevention and preparedness; and assist in integrating these measures into a DMMAP for the State. In coordination with concerned Government agencies, they will review past events, analyze existing information systems, and make recommendations for strengthening DMIS and communications systems for hazard management and warning, including a blueprint for a comprehensive communication network database and GIS.
This component involves development and strengthening of community participatory processes in disaster management and public awareness community-based preparedness through pilot VDMAPs and Village Disaster Intervention Teams. It also includes conceptualization and conduct of a cost-benefit analysis of flood mitigation projects to ADB standards, conceptualization and design of village flood refuges and a natural disaster rehabilitation emergency loan fund for UP.
Component 4 - (Economic and Financial Aspects)
The Economic and Financial Aspects of the project involve review of available information on the direct and indirect costs of natural disasters in the two states and an assessment of the financial cost of establishment and sustainable operation of the DMMCs and analysis of possible funding sources including budgetary impact. It also involves quantifying the additional investment requirements needed to mitigate flood hazards within a cost benefit framework and estimating the budgetary impact of retrofitting and strengthening of buildings and essential public service systems and structures under earthquake and flood risk scenarios.
Component 5 - Liaison with Government, State and Bilateral Agencies
This component requires close liaison with the Disaster Management Cell of the Academy of Administration, Nainital, and other relevant Central government, and GoUA and GoUP agencies, besides DFID (UK), World Bank and other bilateral donors, particularly for knowledge transfer, interaction, exchange of lessons learned and training. It also involves review of the work of other agencies during the lifetime of the TA, broad-based collaboration in conducting workshops and seminars and actions to ensure complementarity among the various detection and warning systems, action plans, mitigation plans, institutional changes and coordination of relief efforts.
Component 6 - Project Management and Reporting
In the field the consultants will be answerable to the Team Leader, who reports to the Technical Services Division. Small Project Offices have been established in Lucknow and Dehradun. Regular reports are prepared by consultants for the Team Leader and for ADB.

Principal Consultants on the TA
1. Team Leader / Disaster Management Specialist:
The team leader is responsible for co-ordinating with the Executing Agencies for both states so as to facilitate the operationalization of the TA. She is responsible for overseeing the overall project activities, report preparation and information networking. She is also responsible for conceptualisation of an organisation structure for DMMC, guiding the establishment of the DMMCs and leading the formulation, implementation and monitoring of DMMAPs, besides conducting a training needs assessment for organising training, workshops, public awareness campaigns and regional study tours. The team leader will co-ordinate the contribution of international and domestic consultants for the conceptualisation of Disaster Mitigation and Management Action Plans, and subsequent development of decision-making guidelines.
2. Policy Specialist
The policy specialist is responsible for analysing the state and central government policies and conduct workshops/training to build awareness about the drawbacks of policies and lessons learned from past experiences from other countries all over the world and other states within India.
3. Meteorological and Flood Warning Systems Expert
The Flood Warning System Expert is responsible for reviewing existing flood forecasting, warning and monitoring systems, analysing the magnitude and frequency of floods, and preparing risk scenarios. On the basis of the analysis, he will assess the existing flood control and disaster mitigation plans, analyse adequacy and comprehensiveness of existing relief/rehabilitation management arrangements and make recommendations for necessary actions to enhance prevention and preparedness and assist in integrating these measures into a DMMAP of UP.
4. Earthquake Science Expert
The Earthquake Science Expert is required to review, in close collaboration with relevant institutions, existing earthquake forecasting, warning and monitoring systems, strategies and facilities. This should include a review of the disaster preparedness procedures and manuals of the state government. He will analyse information on past earthquake events for the database system, determine vulnerability of buildings and prepare risk scenarios and contribute to the preparation of hazard maps of the region. He will also prepare an action plan for retrofitting, identifying appropriate technology and building materials for the seismic strengthening of existing housing and infrastructure.
5. Structural Engineer
Besides contributing Structural engineering advice to project consultants as required, the structural engineers are responsible for reviewing engineering studies to determine vulnerability of buildings and essential public service systems and structures. They will prepare risk scenarios, prescribe suitable measures including improving resistance of essential services, reinforcement of buildings and land use restrictions. They are also responsible for reviewing existing (visual) damage assessment guides, assessing their suitability, and making recommendations for improvement as appropriate.
6. Materials Engineer
The Materials Engineer will review specific needs for disaster prevention, and prescribe suitable measures including improving resistance of essential services, reinforcement of buildings and land use restrictions. He will review various types of structural designs for prevailing stone-masonry buildings for earthquake-resistant properties based on international experience and assess the applicability of prospective contextually appropriate earthquake -resistant structural designs and prepare an action plan for retrofitting and seismic strengthening of existing housing and infrastructure.
7. Earthquake Engineer
The earthquake engineer will review, in close collaboration with relevant institutions, existing earthquake forecasting, warning and monitoring systems, strategies and facilities. This should include a review of the disaster preparedness procedures and manuals of the state government. He will work closely with other consultants in analysing existing information on the magnitude and frequency of past events and facilitate incorporation of the information into a database system, and contribute to the preparation of hazard maps of the region. He will also review engineering studies to determine vulnerability of buildings and essential public service systems and structures, and prepare risk scenarios.
8. Hydrology and River Morphology Specialist
The Hydrology and River Morphology Specialist on the Consultants Team will review existing flood forecasting, warning and monitoring systems, strategies and facilities, disaster preparedness procedure manuals and damage assessment techniques. He will analyze the magnitude and frequency of floods; prepare estimates of damage from floods of various frequencies to properties, economic activities and infrastructure, and prepare risk scenarios. On the basis of the analysis, he will assess the existing flood control and disaster mitigation plans, analyze adequacy and comprehensiveness of existing relief/rehabilitation management arrangements and make recommendations as necessary.
9. Legal Expert
The Consultant Legal expert on the TA is responsible for reviewing the legal aspects of existing central and State government policies in UP and UA, legislation, codes, strategies, and planning arrangements for disaster mitigation and management. He will also review disaster management legislation and legal frameworks in other Indian states and all TA recommendations for legal implications. He will make the necessary recommendations for a legal framework for Disaster Management in the two states and prepare guidelines for draft legislation / regulations etc. for disaster management in the two states.
>10. Remote Sensing, GIS, IT and Communications Specialist
The Remote Sensing, GIS, IT and Communications Specialist will analyse existing information on physical and socio-economic dimensions in UP and UA and assist in preparing example GIS maps. He will provide advice to relevant state institutions in undertaking analysis of data to supplement hazard maps for the states and their districts as needed, help with disaster zonation and vulnerability assessment and design a DMIS and determine procedures for the compilation of required information for the DMIS. He will also assess the existing disaster management communication system. He is also responsible for preparing a blueprint for a comprehensive communications network including suitability of very high frequency (VHF) and VSAT systems for inter-district links and preparing design specifications for the proposed communications network.
11. Financial Analyst / Economist
The Financial Analyst will review available information on the direct and indirect costs of a range of natural disasters in UP and UA. In collaboration with other consultants, he will quantify within a cost-benefit framework the investment needed to mitigate flood hazards and estimate the budgetary impact of earthquake-resistant retrofitting and seismic strengthening of buildings and essential public services systems and structures under alternative risk scenarios. He will also prepare a financing plan for establishing disaster mitigation and management centres, and identify the financial resources currently available.
12. Community Participation Specialist
The community participation specialists on the TA team will review the existing social, cultural, and political structures of the target communities to identify possibilities for ensuring community participation. They will develop participatory processes for implementing the rehabilitation effort related to housing and village design, and actual construction practice. They are responsible for establishing effective liaison with non-government organisations that are involved in disaster management, and co-ordinate closely with them.
They are responsible for establishing effective communication with community leaders to foster awareness of the importance of disaster mitigation efforts and ensuring that women and vulnerable groups are adequately represented in the community consultations and workshops. The Consultants will design and implement focused public awareness campaigns, support for training for communities under hazard risk, and assist in public simulation exercises.
13. Consultant Team Co-ordinator
The consultant team co-ordinator liases with the team of consultants and the government and is responsible for co-ordinating the project in the absence of the team leader.
Recent Events on the project:
1. Inauguration of the Emergency Operations Centre on the 25th of April, 01
This centre is initially to be a project office for ADPC in the state of UA and will be later developed as the Emergency Operations and Response Centre for the state. This centre is to be equipped with funding from the project and the local support staff is to be provided by the GoUA.
2. Setting up of a project office in Lucknow, UP
3. An "All Consultants Meeting" on the 7th of May at Dehradun, UA, India to discuss
(i) Overview of TA activities
(ii) Update on UA and UP progress
(iii) Review Disaster Mitigation and Management Center plans, Uttaranchal
(iv) Review District and Village level plans
(v) Consider Village level intervention teams for UP, other exchanges between states
(vi) Review plans for economic analysis and feasibility studies
(vii) Review institutional arrangements
(viii) Complete work plans and schedules during working sessions for flood and earthquake consultants.

Links to institutions or consultant groups related to the TA
Asian Development Bank
World Institute for Disaster Risk Management
Beca International Consultants Limited
Building Materials and Technology Promotion Council
University of Roorkee
Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur
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