| AUDMP
Program Description and Accomplishments
Program
Accomplishments
Cambodia
Overview:
Many Cambodian communities have proven to be extremely vulnerable
to the effects of recurrent flooding, particularly in the eastern
part of the country that borders the Mekong River and the northwestern
area around Tonl’e Sap. The goal of the project is to reduce
the vulnerability of the population to floods using an integrated,
community-based disaster preparedness and mitigation process at
the village level. The process addresses the susceptibility of the
general population to floods and its shelter, critical facilities,
infrastructure, livelihoods, etc. The project targets several communities
within three highly flood-prone provinces bordering the Mekong River:
Kompong Cham, Prey Veng, and Kandal. The project is managed by PACT-Cambodia
and implemented through the association of CRC and IFRC. A Disaster
Preparedness Delegate (funded by American Red Cross and stationed
at IFRC) has been identified to work with the Cambodian Red Cross
in carrying out the project activities in target provinces
Status:
The successful completion of CBFMP demonstration project activities
under phase I & II provided several opportunities to promote
and create favorable conditions for replication of project activities
in other flood prone provinces. The purpose of the replication phase
was to consolidate the demonstration activities and processes piloted
under CBFMP. This approach has ensured the widest-possible replication
of community-based flood mitigation initiatives in Cambodia through
utilization of resources during AUDMP and beyond. The replication
phase was expected to consolidate demonstration phase activities
in target communities, expansion into other communities living in
the urban areas in a contextually different socio-economic set up,
and to institutionalize the project activities within the administrative
structure of CRC. This approach has enabled replication of the experience
in to four other provinces through wide dissemination of experience
and the lessons learned in project implementation process.
During the demonstration
phases, two rounds of training were conducted for CRC volunteers
in the above 3 target provinces. Approximately 150 Red Cross volunteers
have been trained under CBFMP and flood mitigation solutions have
been implemented through them in 23 communitites. During the replication
phase, Pact and CRC have jointly conducted two assessments before
and after the year 2000 floods. This has allowed an opportunity
to record and document the experience of target communities in facing
devastating flood events similar to the one experienced in year
2000. The level of involvement of the Red Cross volunteers and the
evaluation of the usefulness of their training and support provided
to them through the CBFMP to build the flood preparedness capacity
of the target communities have also been examined.
This assessment
was supplemented through a subsequent "Lessons Learned"
survey. The above mentioned project’s evaluation mission and
"Lessons Learned “survey helped to draw up the positive
and negative lessons learned in execution of the project. It was
presented at a replication workshop held at the final stages of
the project and it also helped to disseminate the project experience
to a wider audience. After completion of AUDMP grant extension period,
the CRC has executed a follow-up project which enabled them to replicate
project activities into four new provinces in Cambodia in addition
to initial three target provinces of CBFMP.
The follow-up
project is being executed by CRC through funding support from sources
other than AUDMP. During the replication phase the CBFMP activities
have been institutionalized within CRC administrative setup. AUDMP
helped CRC to expand its training division and prepare all training
manuals for trainers in order to help them expand the phase activities.
At the end of replication phase, CBFMP has published four training
manuals to be used for training of CRC volunteers. In addition,
upon the request of CRC, TED/ADPC carried out a Training Needs Assessment
(TNA) survey during the replication phase. ADPC has taken initiatives
to address the needs identified through the TNA in the final stage
of the replication phase and further assistance will be made available
to CRC for replication of CBFMP activities through other projects
implemented by ADPC (such as PDR-SEA funded by the DIPECHO ) beyond
the AUDMP extension period.
Core Group members
have requested AUDMP to see the possibility to develop a consolidation
proposal to consolidate the achievements of the Cambodia’s
Community-Based Flood Mitigation and Preparedness Project (CBFMP)
and work with the Cambodian Red Cross, the Federation and the National
Committee for Disaster Management in Cambodia and also to build
synergies with other ADPC projects such as the DANIDA-funded Disaster
Reduction Program for Cambodia, Lao PDR and Vietnam (DRP-CLV).
India
Overview:
India is said to be “a land of disasters.” The country
is prone to multiple disasters and the frequency of occurrence of
disasters has been increasing overtime. Amongst the states of Indian
Union, the state of Gujarat has been classified as being highly
disaster prone. The state is prone to frequent droughts, cyclones,
floods and earthquake disaster. The fire hazards are also frequent.
With the large industrial base, that too in the chemical and petro-chemical
sector, the vulnerability of the state to the technological disasters
is very high. It is needless to say that, with large population
and activity concentration, urban areas become major areas of concern.
The rapid pace
of the industrialization process that took place during the past
five decades in Gujarat is one of the prime factors contributing
to urban growth. Since its formation in 1961, Gujarat has emerged
as a leading industrial state in the country. A five fold increase
in number of working factories and a two and a half fold increase
in factory employment have occurred during the last 25 years. Small-scale
industries growth has been phenomenal. Large-scale investments are
in the anvil. The economy of Gujarat grew at a moderate of 5.83
percent per annum, during 1980-98. Between 1990-91 and 1997-98,
however the economy marked a high growth rate of 8.61 percent.
Gujarat is being steadily transformed into a predominant urban society.
At the beginning of this century, Gujarat’s population was
9.09 Million, of which 22 percent was living in urban areas. The
last four decades saw an almost three and a half times increase
in urban population of the State from 5.31 million in 1961 to 18.37
million in 2001 accounting for 38 percent of the State population.
Over the decades slow down in the rate of growth in population,
both in the rural and urban areas have been observed. The share
of incremental population going to urban areas has been consistently
increasing over the decades. Of the total increment in population
during the period 1951-61 a meagre 20 percent went to urban areas.
During the subsequent four decades, this share has increased to
36, 42, 51 and 56 percent respectively. With these trends continuing,
forecasts suggest that by 2021, 35 million people constituting nearly
46.5 percent of the state population would be residing in urban
Gujarat. The city of Ahmedabad with a population of over 4.5 million,
is the largest city in the state of Gujarat and accounts for over
a quarter of the state’s urban population. By 2021, the city
is expected to reach a population size of 8 million.
A proposal for
the Ahmedabad Disaster Mitigation Project (ADMP) was developed and
the project will be based in Ahmedabad with the goal of reducing
the mutiple disaster vulnerability of population, infrastructure,
and economic assets. The proposed project includes seven components
namely hazard and vulnerability assessment; promoting safer buildings;
school safety program; preparation of mitigation measures; social
marketing; replication; and comprehensive disaster mitigation strategy.
Status:
Issues of avoiding duplications with existing projects and the limitations
in time and resources have been discussed among the Core Group members.
Further dialogue on the proposal will be made with the USAID-India
mission.
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